Berlin, Germany’s sprawling and resilient capital, is a city defined by seismic 20th-century history, creative reinvention, and an unapologetic countercultural spirit. Layered with visible reminders of its past, visitors encounter monuments to division and unity like the Brandenburg Gate, the Reichstag’s glass dome, the Holocaust Memorial, and the vibrant open-air art of the East Side Gallery along surviving sections of the Berlin Wall. By day, it is a heavyweight cultural destination home to the world-class treasures of Museum Island and vast public green spaces like the Tiergarten and Tempelhof Field. By night, Berlin transforms into a global nightlife and arts mecca, driven by a raw, innovative energy that continuously redefines modern European life.